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Retatrutide vs survodutide for researchers: a triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon agonist and a dual glucagon/GLP-1 agonist compared by identity, receptor profile, half-life design and trial programme…

Kisspeptin-10 is the C-terminal decapeptide of kisspeptin-54. How the two compare at the KISS1R receptor, in half-life and brain access in animal models, and…

DSIP and melatonin both carry a sleep label, but one is a peptide with no confirmed gene or receptor and the other a hormone…

BPC-157 vs GHK-Cu compared for researchers: a gastric juice pentadecapeptide and a copper-binding plasma tripeptide, their identity, proposed mechanisms, tissue models tested and the…

KPV is the Lys-Pro-Val tail of alpha-MSH. How its receptor-light, PepT1-dependent activity in cell and mouse models differs from the parent hormone, and what…

Pramlintide and cagrilintide are both amylin analogues. One fixed aggregation with three prolines; the other added a fatty diacid for a much longer half-life.…

MOTS-c and metformin both reach the energy sensor AMPK, by different routes and in different tissues. Identity data, mechanisms, a comparison table and the…

Kisspeptin-10 acts on the KISS1 receptor upstream of LH and FSH; PT-141 (bremelanotide) on melanocortin receptors. Identity, human studies, approval status, null results and…

Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-residue thymic peptide with randomised human trials; KPV is the alpha-MSH tripeptide studied in colitis models. Identity, evidence, null results,…

Epithalon is a four-residue synthetic peptide studied for telomerase; NAD+ is a coenzyme in every cell. Their identities, the evidence by model, null results…